Heart Rate Recovery and Physical Conditioning

tivity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The study population could be matched with respect to physical activity using the IPAQ. The IPAQ version that we use in our studies is the short last 7-day recall questionnaire. This version consists of seven questions assessing the frequency and duration of participation in vigorous, moderate intensity and walking activity as well as the time spent sitting during a weekday, globally in all contexts of everyday life. Scores for vigorous, moderate and walking activity are calculated in minutes per week, as is the time spent sitting. The sum of the three activity scores gives an indicator of total physical activity. After multiplying the number of hours per week of each type of activity by an average metabolic cost (metabolic equivalents of task, MET), an energy expenditure indicator can also be obtained expressed in MET-minutes per week. Detailed information about the IPAQ and the methods of scoring is available at www.ipaq.ki.se. We suggest that the studies involving HRR consist of a population matched with respect to physical activity. Dear Editor, We read with great interest the article by Sarli et al. [1] investigating the relationship between psoriasis and the heart rate recovery (HRR) index. They found that HRR 1–5 was significantly lower in patients with psoriasis compared to healthy controls and that HRR 1 was well correlated with the duration of psoriasis (r = 0.541, p < 0.001), the psoriasis area and the severity index score (r = 0.511, p < 0.001). Although we agree with their findings and conclusions, we have some concerns in interpreting the results of the findings and the design of the studies involving HRR. The HRR at 1 min of exercise is a marker of parasympathetic activity [2] . Parasympathetic activity and HRR are influenced not only by various disease processes such as obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, depression, anxiety, heart failure, and peripheral vascular disease [3] but also by various drugs [4] and physical fitness [5] . People who are in excellent physical shape have high levels of parasympathetic tone. Among patients with suspected coronary artery disease, there is a strong dose-response relationship between HRR and physical fitness [6] . Thus, attenuated HRR in a particular disease might be due to poor physical fitness rather than the disease itself. A standardized measurement of physical activity of a study population could be assessed using the International Physical AcPublished online: December 20, 2014